Lê Ngọc Hoà
Trong tất cả các kì thi tiếng Anh đều có phần bài tập đọc hiểu. Cách tốt nhất để luyện kĩ năng đọc hiểu (Reading) đó là làm thật nhiều bài tập. Chính vì vậy, trong bài viết này ieltscaptoc.com.vn sẽ cung cấp cho các bạn những dạng bài tập đọc hiểu từ cơ bản đến nâng cao có kèm đáp án chi tiết để các bạn kiểm tra bài làm của mình.
Nội dung chính
I. Đề thi IELTS Reading và chiến thuật làm bài
IELTS Reading Test bao gồm 3 đoạn văn Passage. Trong đó mỗi đoạn có thể có độ dài khác nhau. Trong đề thi General thì đoạn văn thường dài tâm 700-1500 chữ, còn đề Academic thì đoạn vă xấp xỉ nhau tầm 15000 chữ. Nội dung đề cũng khác nhau. Nhưng các dạng bài hầu hết đều giống nhau.
10 dạng câu hỏi trong Reading
- True/ False/ Not given, Yes/No/ Not Given
- Matching Heading Questions
- Matching features – Nối đặc điểm
- “Matching Information”
- Matching endings – Hoàn thành câu chưa hoàn chỉnh
- Multiple choice – Chọn đáp án
- “Short answer questions”
- “Completing tables, charts, note, diagrams”
- Completing sentences – Hoàn thành câu
- Completing diagrams
Chiến lược chung làm bài Reading như sau
- Đọc kỹ đề bài, xác định dạng câu hỏi được giao. Tùy theo mỗi dạng câu hỏi, bạn sẽ xác định được mình nên chọn đáp án như thế nào, đáp ứng đúng yêu cầu đề ra. Bởi có những yêu cầu nhỏ trong đề bài như No More than Two Words trong bài Short answer questions, hay chọn đáp án đúng – sai – không được đưa ra như thế nào…
- Đọc câu hỏi và câu trả lời được cho để xác định các keyword quan trọng, dựa theo đó tìm kiếm thông tin trong đoạn văn.
- Đoán thông tin sẽ là đáp án, ví dụ với điền từ thì có thể đó là từ nào, chọn heading thì ý chính là gì…
- Áp dụng cách đọc Skim – Scan: Đọc lướt và đọc lấy ý chính, chọn lọc thông tin quan trọng theo keyword câu hỏi trước để so sánh.
- Nếu thấy thông tin nào chắc chắn phù hợp với câu hỏi, xác định được đáp án thì trả lời. Hãy chú ý đến các phần trước và sau câu chứa keyword vì có thể đề thi đang cố tình bẫy với từ đồng nghĩa hoặc có sự thay đổi đột ngột khác ở phía sau.
- Nếu không tìm thấy thông tin thì hãy bỏ qua câu hỏi khó đó để làm các câu dễ trước. Sau đó mới quay lại đọc kỹ để hiểu và tìm thông tin còn thiếu.
- Kiểm tra lại ngữ pháp để chắc rằng bạn đã hoàn thành đúng.
Xem thêm những bài viết đáng chú ý
- 19+ Bài tập thì quá khứ tiếp diễn từ cơ bản đến nâng cao – Có đáp án
- Bài tập so sánh hơn (Comparative) thường gặp nhất – Đáp án chi tiết
- 6+ bài tập so sánh kép (Double Comparison) thường gặp nhất
II. Bài tập đọc hiểu (Reading)
Ieltscaptoc.com.vn đã tổng hợp những bài tập đọc hiểu (Reading) từ cơ bản đến nâng cao. Đi kèm có đáp án để các bạn kiểm tra lại bài làm của mình. Đặc biệt cuối bài còn có file PDF miễn phí hơn 70 bài tập đọc hiểu để các bạn tải về máy và ôn tập.
Bài tập 1
Đọc đoạn văn sau và chọn đáp án đúng nhất
Plants and animals will find it difficult to escape from or adjust to the effect of global warming, Scientists have already observerd shifts in the lifecycles of many plants and animals, such as flowers blooming earlier and birds hatching earlier in the spring. Many species have begun shifting where they live or their annual migration patterns due to warmer temperatures.
With further warming, animals will tend to migrate toward the poles and up mountainsides toward higher elevations. Plants will also attempt to shift their ranges, seeking new areas as old habitats grow too warm. In many places, however, human development will prevent these shifts. Species that find cities or farmland blocking their way north or south may become extinct. Species living in unique ecosystems, such as those found in polar and mountantop regions, are especially at risk because migration to new habitats is not possible. For example, polar bears and marine mammals in the Arctic are already threatened by dwindling sea ice but have nowhere farther to go.
Projecting species extinction due to global warming is extremely difficult. Some scientists have estimated that 20 to 50 percent of species could be committed to extiction with 2 to 3 Celsius degrees of further warming. The rate of warming, not just the magnitude, is extremely important for plants and animals. Some species and even entire ecosystems, such as certain types of forest, many not be able to adjust quickly enough and may disappear.
Ocean ecosystems, especially fragile ones like coral reefs, will also be affected by global warming. Warmer ocean temperatures can cause coral to “bleach”, a state which if prolonged will lead to the death of the coral. Scientists estimate that even 1 Celsius degree of additional warming could lead to widespread bleaching and death of coral reefs around the world. Also increasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere enters the ocean and increases the acidity of ocean waters. This acidification furter stresses ocean ecosystems.
(Đề thi tiếng Anh kì thi THPT quốc gia 2015)
Question 1: Scionlists have observed that warmer temperatures in the spring cause flowers to
A. die instantly
B. bloom earlier
C. become lighter
D. lose color
Question 2: According to paragraph 2, when their habitats grow warmer, animali tend to move .
A. south – eastwards and down mountainsides toward lower
B. north – westwards and up mountainsides toward higher
C. toward the North Pole and down mountainsides toward lower
D. toward the poles and up mountainsides toward higher
Question 3: The pronoun “those” in paragraph 2 refers to .
A. species
B. ecosystems
C. habitats
D. areas
Question 4: The phrase “dwindling sea ice” in paragraph 2 refers to .
A. the frozen water in the Artie.
B. the violent Arctic Ocean.
C. the melting ice in the Arctic.
D. the cold ice in the Arctic.
Question 5: It is mentioned in the passage that if the global temperature rose by 2 or 3 Celcius degrees, .
A. half of the earth’s surface would be
B. the sea level would rise by 20
C. water supply would decrease by 50
D. 20 to 50 percent of species could become
Question 6: According to the passage, if some species are not able to adjust quickly to warmer temperatures, .
A. they may be endangered
B. they can begin to develop
C. they will certainly need water.
D. they move to tropical forests.
Question 7: The word “fragile” in paragraph 4 most probably means .
A. very large
B.easily damaged
C. rather strong
D. pretty hard
Question 8: The bleaching of coral reefs as mentioned in paragraph 4 indicates .
A. the water absorption of coral reefs.
B.the quick growth of marine mammals.
c. the blooming phase of sea weeds.
D.the slow death of coral reefs.
Question 9: The level of acidity in the ocean is increased by .
A. the rising amount of carbon dioxide entering the
B. the decrease of acidity of the pole
C. the extinction of species in coastal
D. the lose of acidity in the atmosphere around the
Question 10: What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. Influence of climate changes on human
B. Effects of global warming on animals and
C. Global warming and possible solutions
D. Global warming and species
Bài tập 2
Đọc đoạn văn sau và chọn đáp án đúng nhất
Martin Luther King, Jr., is well known for his work in civil rights and for his many famous speeches, among them is his moving “I Have A Dream” speech. But fewer people know much about King’s childhood. M.L., as he was called, was born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia, at (5) the home of his maternal grandfather. M.L.’s grandfather, the ReverendA.D. Williams, purchased their home on Auburn Avenue in 1909, twenty years before M.L. was born. The Reverend Williams, an eloquent speaker, played an important role in the community since so many people’s lives centered around the church. He allowed his church and his home (10) to be used as a meeting place for a number of organizations dedicated to the education and social advancement of blacks. M.L. grew up in this atmosphere, with his home being used as a community gathering place, and was no doubt influenced by it.
(15) M.L.’s childhood was not especially eventful. His father was a minister and his mother was a musician. He was the second of three children, and he attended all- black schools in a black neighborhood. The neighborhood was not poor, however. Auburn Avenue was the main artery through a prosperous neighborhood that had come to symbolize achievement (20) for Atlanta’s black people. It was an area of banks, insurance companies, builders, jewelers, tailors, doctors, lawyers, and other black-owner black-operated businesses and services. Even in the face of Atlanta’s segregation, the district thrived. Dr. King never forgot the community spirit he had known as a child, nor did he forget the racial prejudice (25) that was a seemingly insurmountable barrier that kept black Atlantans from mingling with whites.
1. What is this passage mainly about?
(A) the prejudice that existed in Atlanta
(B) Martin Luther King’s childhood
(C) M.L.’s grandfather
(D) the neighborhood King grew up in
2. The word “eloquent” in line 7 means most nearly
(A) powerful
(B) active
(C) romantic
(D) fascinating
3. The word “gathering” in line 12 could best be replaced by
(A) picking
(B) learning
(C) exciting
(D) meeting
4. As used, the word “eventful” in line 15 is closest in meaning to which of the following?
(A) valued
(B) memorable
(C) admirable
(D) emotional
5. In line 20, the word “it” refers to which of the following?
(A) achievement
(B) neighborhood
(C) segregation
(D) services
6. According to the author, blacks in King’s neighborhood were involved in all the following businesses and services EXCEPT
(A) dentistry
(B) medicine
(C) law
(D) banking
7. The word “tailors” in line 21 describes people who are associated with which of the following trades?
(A) flower arranging
(B) shoe making
(C) garment making
(D) book binding
8. According to the author, King was influenced by
(A) community spirit
(B) black lawyers
(C) his mother
(D) his speeches
9. The word “thrived” in line 23 refers to which of the following?
(A) achieved
(B) surrendered
(C) flourished
(D) held
10. As used in line 25, which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “seemingly”?
(A) apparently
(B) inevitably
(C) inexplicably
(D) hastily
11. The word “mingling” in line 26 could best be replaced by which of the following?
(A) interfering
(B) gargling
(C) consuming
(D) associating
12. According to the author, M.L.
(A) had a difficult childhood
(B) was a good musician as a child
(C) loved to listen to his grandfather speak
(D) grew up in a relatively rich area of Atlanta
Bài tập 3
Đọc đoạn văn sau và trả lời các câu hỏi:
Carbohydrates, which are sugars, are an essential part of a healthy diet. They provide the main source of energy for the body, and they also function to flavor and sweeten foods. Carbohydrates range from simple sugars like glucose to complex sugars such as amylose and amylopectin. Nutritionists estimate that carbohydrates should make up about one-fourth to one-fifth of a person’s diet. This translates to about 75-100 grams of carbohydrates per day.
A diet that is deficient in carbohydrates can have an adverse effect on a person’s health. When the body lacks a sufficient amount of carbohydrates it must then use its protein supplies for energy, a process called gluconeogenesis. This, however, results in a lack of necessary protein, and further health difficulties may occur. A lack of carbohydrates can also lead to ketosis, a build-up of ketones in the body that causes fatigue, lethargy, and bad breath.
1. What is the main idea of this passage?
(A) Carbohydrates are needed for good health.
(B) Carbohydrates prevent a build-up of proteins.
(C) Carbohydrates can lead to ketosis.
(D) Carbohydrates are an expendable part of a good diet.
2. The word “function” as used in line 2 refers to which of the following?
(A) neglect
(B) serve
(C) dissolve
(D) profess
3. The word “range” as used in line 3 is closest in meaning to which of the following?
(A) probe
(B) proceed
(C) hail
(D) extend
4. In line 5, the word “estimate” could best be replaced by
(A) disbelieve
(B) declare
(C) calculate
(D) wonder
5. According to the passage, what do most nutritionists suggest?
(A) Sufficient carbohydrates will prevent gluconeogenesis.
(B) Carbohydrates are simple sugars called glucose.
(C) Carbohydrates should make up about a quarter of a person’s daily diet.
(D) Carbohydrates should be eaten in very small quantities.
6. Which of the following do carbohydrates NOT do?
(A) prevent ketosis
(B) cause gluconeogenesis
(C) provide energy for the body
(D) flavor and sweeten food
7. Which of the following words could best replace “deficient” as used in line 10?
(A) outstanding
(B) abundant
(C) insufficient
(D) unequal
8. What does the word “this” refer to in line 13?
(A) using protein supplies for energy
(B) converting carbohydrates to energy
(C) having a deficiency in carbohydrates
(D) having an insufficient amount of protein
9. According to the passage, which of the following does NOT describe carbohydrates?
(A) a protein supply
(B) a necessity
(C) a range of sugars
(D) an energy source
10. The word “lack” in line 14 is most similar to which of the following?
(A) plethora
(B) shortage
(C) derivation
(D) commission
11. Which of the following best describes the author’s tone?
(A) sensitive
(B) emotional
(C) informative
(D) regretful
12. Which of the following best describes the organization of this passage?
(A) cause and result
(B) comparison and contrast
(C) specific to general
(D) definition and example
Bài tập 4
Đọc và chọn đáp án đúng nhất
Flower Power
When her grandmother’s health began to deteriorate in the fall of 1994, Mary would make the drive from Washington, DC to Winchester, VA every few days.
She hated highway driving, finding it ugly and monotonous. She preferred to take meandering back roads to her grandmother’s hospital. When she drove through the rocky town of Harpers Ferry, the beauty of the rough waters churning at the intersection of the Shenandoah and Potomac rivers always captivated her.
Toward the end of her journey, Mary had to get on highway 81. It was here that she discovered a surprising bit of beauty during one of her trips. Along the median of the highway, there was a long stretch of wildflowers. They were thin and delicate and purple, and swayed in the wind as if whispering poems to each other.
The first time she saw the flowers, Mary was seized by an uncontrollable urge to pull over on the highway and yank a bunch from the soil. She carried them into her grandmother’s room when she arrived at the hospital and placed them in a water pitcher by her bed.
For a moment her grandmother seemed more lucid than usual. She thanked Mary for the flowers, commented on their beauty and asked where she had gotten them. Mary was overjoyed by the ability of the flowers to wake something up inside her ailing grandmother.
Afterwards, Mary began carrying scissors in the car during her trips to visit her grandmother. She would quickly glide onto the shoulder, jump out of the car, and clip a bunch of flowers. Each time Mary placed the flowers in the pitcher, her grandmother’s eyes would light up and they would have a splendid conversation.
One morning in late October, Mary got a call that her grandmother had taken a turn for the worse. Mary was in such a hurry to get to her grandmother that she sped past her flower spot. She decided to turn around, head several miles back, and cut a bunch.
Mary arrived at the hospital to find her grandmother very weak and unresponsive.
She placed the flowers in the pitcher and sat down to hold her grandmother’s hand. She felt a squeeze on her fingers. It was the last conversation they had.
Questions:
1. As used at the beginning of the story, which is the best antonym for deteriorate?
A. improve
B. increase
C. adjust
D. accumulate
2. As used in the beginning of the story, which is the best definition for captivated?
A. energized
B. fascinated
C. humbled
D. relaxed
3. “She hated highway driving, finding it ugly and monotonous.” Which of the following is the best way to rewrite the above sentence, while keeping its original meaning?
A. She hated highway driving, finding it ugly and tedious.
B. She hated highway driving, finding it ugly and confusing.
C. She hated highway driving, finding it ugly and nerve-wracking.
D. She hated highway driving, finding it ugly and time-consuming.
4. “They were thin and delicate and purple, and swayed in the wind as if whispering poems to each other.” Which of the following literary techniques is used in the above sentence?
A. vernacular, suggesting the dialect of a particular geographical area
B. assonance, characterized by the repetition of identical or similar vowel sounds in successive words
C. foreshadowing, characterized by the use of hints to suggest what is to come
D. personification, characterized by a thing or object being endowed with human qualities
5. Which best describes what the act of stopping for flowers on the side of the highway became for Mary?
A. monotonous
B. a ritual
C. a regret
D. torturous
6. What other title would best fit this passage?
A. “The Fall”
B. “On the Road”
C. “Wildflower Poetry”
D. “Living for Tomorrow”
7. In the final paragraph, the author writes, “She felt a squeeze on her fingers. It was the last conversation they had.” Which of the following best describes what the author is trying to communicate in these sentences?
A. Mary and her grandmother held hands and had a splendid conversation
B. Mary’s grandmother was too weak to communicate with Mary
C. Mary and her grandmother communicated through touch
D. Mary’s grandmother liked the flowers that Mary brought
8. Which of the following accurately describe Mary’s personality?
I. impatient
II. drawn towards beauty
III. loving
A. I only
B. I and II
C. II and III
D. I, II, and III
9. As used in the middle of the story, which is the best antonym for lucid?
A. false
B. realistic
C. muddled
D. determined
10. What do the flowers come to signify most for Mary?
A. the natural beauty of U.S. highways
B. an opportunity to compose herself before visiting her grandmother
C. a final chance to connect with her grandmother
D. a way to make the hospital room more pleasant
ĐÁP ÁN
Đáp án bài tập 1
- B
- D
- A
- C
- D
- A
- B
- D
- A
- B
Đáp án bài tập 2
- B
- A
- D
- B
- B
- A
- C
- A
- C
- A
- D
- D
Đáp án bài tập 3
- A
- B
- D
- C
- C
- B
- C
- A
- A
- B
- C
- D
Đáp án bài tập 4
- A
- B
- A
- D
- B
- C
- C
- C
- C
- C
III. Download tổng hợp bài tập đọc hiểu
Dưới đây là bộ đề IELTS Reading Test có đáp án chi tiết mà các bạn có thể tham khảo tải về luyện thêm nhé. Bộ đề này chỉ có đáp án và bạn nên áp dụng các chiến thuật, phân tích để hiểu thêm cách làm bài. Từ đấy mới tích lũy được kinh nghiệm làm bài cho bản thân sau đó dễ dàng áp dụng.
Đáp án chỉ là đối chiếu thôi nhé, hãy thử cách của mình trước. Tương tự khi bạn tải các sách luyện đề khác xuống cũng đừng vội xem đáp án hay cách giải chi tiết đã được giải thích sẵn mà hãy tự mình làm trước sau đó mới xem phân tích. Như thế bạn mới có thể học hiệu quả hơn.
Bộ đề test có thêm 70 đề Listening – Reading do ieltscaptoc.com.vn tổng hợp, các bạn tham khảo thêm nha.
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